| UP Board ENGLISH POETRY 11th THE SCHOLAR |
| Board | UP Board |
| Text book | NCERT |
| Class | 11th |
| Subject | English |
| Chapter | 2 |
| Chapter name | THE SCHOLAR” |
| Written by | Robert Southey |
| Categories | ENGLISH POETRY Class 11th |
Introduction to the poem
Introduction to the poem: In this poem, the poet takes up the personality of a scholar and seeks pleasure in the company of books written by the authors in the past. He cultivates many virtues. He hates evils. He aspires to become immortal like those great authors. The books are his true companions and he shares his joy and sorrow with them. Therefore, the scholaris naturally indebted to those books.
कविता का परिचय-प्रस्तुत कविता में कवि एक विद्वान के व्यक्तित्व को ग्रहण कर लेता है और बीते हुए समय के लेखकों के द्वारा लिखी पुस्तकों की संगति में आनन्द प्राप्त करता है। वह अपने अन्दर अनेक सवगुणों को विकसित कर लेता है। वह बुराइयों से घृणा करता है। वह उन महान विद्वानों की तरह अमर हो जाना चाहता है। पुस्तके उसकी अच्छी साथी है और वह उनके साथ अपना सुख-दुःख बोटता है। अतः लेखक स्वाभाविक रूप से उन पुस्तकों का ऋणी है।
STANZAS AND THEIR EXPLANATIONS
Q. Explain with reference to the context of the following stanzas:
- My days among the Dead are past;
Around me I behold,
Where’er these casual eyes are cast,
The mighty minds of old :
My never-failing friends are they.
With whom I converse day by day.
Word meanings : among (अमग) = मध्य, my days (माई डेज) = मेरा जीवनकाल, the dead (द डैड) = मरे हुए विद्वान लोग Past (पास्ट) = बीता हुआ, around (एराउण्ड) = चारों ओर,nbehold (बिहोल्ड) = देखना, casual eyes (केजुअल आइज) = अचानक दृष्टि, cast (कास्ट) = डालना, mighty minds (माइटी माइन्ड्स) = महान लेखक, converse (कन्वर्स) – वार्तालाप करना, day by day (डे बाई डे) – प्रतिदिन।
Reference: This stanza has been taken from the poem ‘The Scholar’ written by Robert Southey.
Context: The author has assumed the personality of a scholar in these open- ing lines of the poem. The auther tells us how he passes his time in the midst of books composed by great authors of the past. He describes his affection towards these books. .
Explanation: The scholar spends most of his time among the books written by the great authors of the past. The room is full of books. Where ever be tooks, he sees books. They tell him the best things. They do not change. They are faithful and sincere friends. The scholar is happy with them. He is proud that he has such good friends. He talks with them everyday and gets good knowledge and directions from them.
व्याख्या-विधान व्यक्ति (कवि) अपना आधिकांश समय भूतकाल में विद्वानों द्वारा लिखी पुस्तकों के मध्य में व्यतीत करता है। कक्ष पुस्तकों से भरा हुआ है। वह जहाँ भी देखता है. पस्तार उसे अच्छी बातें बताती है। वे परिवर्तित नहीं होती। वफावार और प्रतिबद्ध मित्र है। कदि उनकी संगत
में प्रसन्न है। उसे गर्व है कि उसकी ऐसी मित्र है। वह उनसे प्रतिदिन वार्तालाप करता है और उनसे अच्छा अन और विशा निर्वश प्राप्त करता है।
- With them I take delight in weal
And seek relief in woe;
And while I understand and feel
How much to them lowe,
My cheeks have often been bedew’d
With tears of thoughtful gratitude,
Word meaninga: delight (डिलाइट) = खुशी, weal(वील) = सुख, seek (सीक) = खोजना, relief (रिलीफ) – सांत्वना, woet) – कुख, owe (ओ) – ऋणी, bedew’d (बिड्यूड) = भीग गया, thoughtful (ोटफुल) 3 विचारशील. gratitude (प्रेटीट्यूड) – कृतज्ञता।
Reference: These lines have been taken from the poem ‘The Scholar, com- posed by Robert Southey.
Context: The poet tells how the scholar enjoys the company of the authors of the old time.
Explanation: The poet says that he enjoys the happiness of his prosperity and gets consolation while in difficulties by getting a thorough study of the books written by these of great wisdom. He understands that these books of the great authors of the past have been very useful and feels himself greatly thankful to them. The drops of the tears start flowing from his eyes and make his cheeks wet
with them. He expresses his gratefulness towards those scholars.
व्याख्या-कवि कहता है कि वह अपनी समृद्धि का आनन्य लेता है और बुद्धिमानी पूर्ण ढंग से महान लेखकों द्वारा लिखी गई पुस्तकों का पूर्ण अध्ययन करके कठिनाइयों में सान्त्वना प्राप्त करता है। वह समानता है कि प्राचीन काल के महान लेखकों द्वारा लिखी गई ये पुस्तकें बहुत उपयोगी रही हैं और स्वयं को उनके प्रति बहुत ही कृतज्ञ अनुभव करता है। आंसुओं की ये बूंदे उसके नेत्रो से बहना आरम्भ करती है और उसके कपोल भीग जाते हैं। वह उन विद्वानों के प्रति अपनी कृतज्ञता व्यक्त करता है।
- My thoughts are with the Dead; with them
I live in long-past years,
Their virtues love, their faults condemn,
Partake their hopes and fears.
And from their lessons seek and find
Instruction with an humble mind;
Word meanings: longpast years (लौंग पास्ट ईअर्स)-बीते वर्ष, condemn (कम्डेम) = आलोचना करना, partake (पारटेक) – भाग लेना. seek(सीक) तलाशना, Instructions (इन्स्ट्रक्शन्स) = शिक्षाएँ, humble mind (अम्बल माइन्ड) – सज्जनता के साथ।
Reference: These lines have been taken from the poem ‘The Scholar’, com- posed by Robert Southey.
Context: The scholar tells us how he gains from reading the books of the great authors. His life is completely one with theirs.
Explanation: When the scholar reads the books written by the authors of the past he thinks as the authors thought. He has the same feelings. He feels that he is living in those days. He sees good qualities in them and loves those good quali tles. He sees their bad qualities and dislikes them when he reads about them he humbly forms rules of conduct for himself. He learns good preachings, advices and good directions from books.
माख्या-जब लेखक बीते समय के लेखकों द्वारा लिखी पुस्तकें पढ़ता है तो वह भी वैसा ही सोचता जैसा वे सोचते थे। उसकी भी वैसी ही भावनाएँ हैं। वह महसूस करता है कि वह उन्हीं दिनों में रह रहा है। वह उन लेखकों में सद्गुण देखता है और उन सदगुणों को स्नेह करता है। वह (लेखक) उनके बुरे गणों को देखता है और उन्हें नापसन्द करता है जब वह उनके बारे में पढ़ता है तो वह अपने बारे में। व्यवहार के नियम बनाता है। वह पुस्तकों से अच्छी शिक्षायें, सलाहें तथा अच्छे निर्देश सीखता है।
- My hopes are with the Dead; anon
My place with them will be,
And I with them shall travel on
Through all futurity;
Yet leaving here a name, I trust,
That will not perish in the dust.
Word meanings : anon (एनन) = शीघ्र ही, travel on (ट्रेबल ऑन) = व्यतीत करमा, through all futurity (थू ऑल फ्यूचरिटी) = भविष्य में, leaving here a name (लीविंग हीयर ए नेम) = नाम रहेगा, perish(पेरिश) = नष्ट होना, dust (डस्ट) = धूल।
Reference: These lines have been taken from the poem ‘The Scholar’, com- posed by Robert Southey.
Context: The scholar hopes that he too will be remembered like the great authors whose books are there. He will soon be with them after death.
Explanation: The scholar has the same hopes as the great authors of the past had. He will die one day and will be with them. He will also be remembered in future. The poet has a firm faith that his name will not perish. His studies as a scholar would bring him name and fame.
व्याख्या-कवि प्राचीन काल के विद्वानों की मांति कुछ आशाएँ रखता है। एक दिन उसकी मृत्यु हो जाएगी और उसका स्थान भी उनके साथ होगा। उसे भी भविष्य में स्मरण किया जाएगा। कवि को पूर्ण आशा है कि उसका नाम नष्ट नहीं होगा। उसके लिखे लेख उसे नाम और प्रसिद्धि दिलाएँगे।
Central Idea of the Poem
The Central idea of the poem ‘The Scholar’ by Robert Southey is that books by great authors have great importance in our life. They help us in our joys and Sorrows. We can learn from their experience and frame rules of conduct for our selves. The author will also die one day and his place will also be with them.
हिन्दी अनुवाद-Robert Southey द्वारा रचित कविता ‘The Scholar’ का केन्द्रीय भाव यह है कि महान विद्वानों द्वारा लिखी पुस्तकें हमारे जीवन में बहुत महत्व रखती हैं। वे हमारे सुख और दुःख की सहायक है। हम उनके अनुभव से काफी सीख सकते हैं और अपने लिए आचार-विचार के नियम बना सकते हैं। लेखक भी एक दिन मर जाएगा और उसका स्थान भी उन्हीं में होगा।